Cooperative Extension Service  ________________________________________________ Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences

The weak cold front which dropped down over south Florida on October 16-17 was a welcome breath of fresh air bringing drier air and briefly drooping overnight temperatures into the low 60’s and daytime highs into the low 80’s for a couple of days.  Unfortunately unseasonably high temperatures quickly returned as did scattered showers and thunderstorms that dropped variable amounts of precipitation across the area.    Temperatures across the region have averaged several degrees above normal with highs in the upper 80’s to low 90’s and lows in the mid to upper 60’s.  Rainfall totals have varied widely with many areas reporting only trace amounts.   The FAWN Weather Station in Homestead recorded just over an inch of rain while some areas of southwest Florida were pounded by back to back storms last week which dropped as much as three inches in just over 24 hours.

Growers continuing to prepare land and lay plastic in addition to planting a wide range of crops.  Workers are busy with a number of cultural activities including pruning, staking and tying and spraying.   Potato planting has started in the Immokalee area but growers indicate that they are holding back on planting due to high temperatures and problems with seed pieces rotting in warm wet soils.

FAWN Weather Summary

Date	Air Temp (°F)		Rainfall Hours Below Certain Temperature          (hours)
	Min	Max	(Inches)	40°F	45°F	50°F	55°F	60°F	65°F	70°F	75°F
Ft L'dale
10/16 - 30/02	67.4	88.6	0.11	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	7.5	95.0
Ft Pierce
10/16 - 30/02	57.5	90.4	0.00	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6.8	24.5	75.3	160.0
Homestead
10/16 - 30/02	65.0	88.8	0.38	1.14	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	67.6	170.8
Immokalee
10/16 - 30/02	58.7	90.8	0.10	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.9	23.0	70.1	165.6

Respondents indicate that high temperatures and rains have been rough on a wide range of crops.  Fruit set and quality of tomato, pepper and cucurbits has been adversely affected.  Reports indicate that stand establishment has also been affected in new plantings with stem scalding and damping off causing some problems.  Heat has been especially hard on specialty brassicas and lettuce.  Heavy dew has been present most mornings favoring disease development in some crops.

Light supplies of cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, squash, sweet corn, tomatoes and specialty crops are beginning to come onto the market from various South Florida locations.  Snap bean harvest will begin in SW Florida in the next 7 –10 days.

The short term forecast from the National Weather Service in Miami calls for a weak cold front to move through south Florida between tonight and tomorrow. The front will be accompanied by increasing cloudiness and a 20 percent chance of isolated showers.  Forecasters indicate that it will only cool down marginally with highs in the lower 80s with the lowest lows around the lower 60s in interior sections.  The extended forecast is for a warming trend to follow with only a slight chance of showers each day.

For additional information, visit the National Weather Service in Miami website at http://www.srh.noaa.gov.mia

Insects

Worms

Growers and scouts around southwest Florida indicate that worm pressure has been variable across the area.  In some places, growers report heavy pressure from a mixed bag of worms on a variety of crops.  In other places, growers are reporting lower than normal worm pressure. Depending on the crop and location, respondents note finding southern armyworm, beet armyworm, tomato fruit worm, loopers, hornworms, and leaf-tiers.  Most growers are maintaining control with products like, Avaunt, Bt’s, Confirm and Spintor.

Respondents in Palm Beach County are reporting increased worm pressure.  Growers are seeing mostly southern armyworm in tomato and pepper with a few beet armyworms and loopers appearing in the mix.

A few pinworms are being reported in east coast production areas.  These are mainly on eggplants, with a few occurrences being noted in tomato.

Reports from Homestead indicate that worm pressure has been exceptionally heavy this season with southern armyworms, beet armyworms, fruit worms, loopers, and horn worms all being found on a wide variety of crops.   Experienced scouts indicate this is possibly one of the worst worm seasons in recent memory.

Fall armyworms are widely present in sweet corn from Clewiston to Homestead.

Melonworms are widely present in cucumbers and squash through out the area.  A few pickleworms have been noted in cucumber blossoms.

Leafminers

Reports from Homestead indicate leafminer populations are starting to buildup to levels that warrant control.   Scouts indicate that populations are particularly high in some older bean fields and expect that these will begin to move into other crops as harvesting begins over the next week or two.

Around Palm Beach, leafminers numbers in eggplant and tomatoes have reached threshold levels in a several places and growers are beginning to spray.   Reports indicate good control on tomato where Platinum had been applied.

Leafminer populations are increasing around southwest Florida although most reports indicate that populations remain below actionable levels.  Reports indicate that Spintor has been applied to a few fields east of Immokalee for leafminer control.

With the on-set of cooler weather across the peninsula, growers across the state can expect to see an increase in leafminer pressure.  Leafminers attack many crops but are particularly damaging on celery, crucifers, cucurbits, okra, potato and tomato.  Florida growers report that leafminers are the second most important tomato insect pest especially in south and central production areas. Leafminers are present for much of the year in Florida.  In south Florida, populations peak between October and March while in central Florida they are a problem in both spring and fall.

The two major species of leafminer that cause problems in vegetables in Florida are the vegetable leafminer (Liriomyza sativae) and most commonly (Liriomyza trifolii) - sometimes referred to as the celery leafminer or American sepentine leafminer.  The adults are small yellow and black flies about the size of a gnat.  The female punctures or "stipples" the leaves with her ovipositor to lay eggs in the leaf tissue or to feed on sap.

Leafminer damage is easily recognized by the irregular serpentine mines in leaves, which are caused by feeding larvae. Heavy leaf mining damage can reduce photosynthesis and cause leaf desiccation and abscission.  The yellow maggots with black, sickle-shaped mouthparts feed on the mesophyll or chlorophyll tissue between upper and lower leaf surface leaving a winding trail or pattern through the leaf.   The tunnel is clear with the exception of a trail of black fecal material left behind as the maggot feeds.

There are three larval stages. Each larval instar is completed in 2 - 3 days. The maggots feed approximately 7 days growing to about 1/10 to inch in length prior to exiting the leaf to pupate on the ground or mulch under infested plants.

Leafminer injury is readily visible to the grower but healthy plants can tolerate considerable damage without excessive loss of vigor and yield. The Florida Tomato Scouting Guide sets action thresholds at 0.7 larva per plant for young plants with less than 2 true leaves and 0.7 larva per 3 terminal leaflets for larger plants.  Heavily damaged leaves will often drop, due in part to entry of pathogenic organisms into old mines.

An integrated pest management program that stresses conservation of natural enemies is the primary tactic for the successful control of leafminer.  Chemical control is difficult due to the feeding habits inside the leaf of the host plant. Insecticides that specifically target the leafminer are recommended as use of broad-spectrum materials may decimate beneficial insects including those that attack leafminer.  This often results in a larger leafminer problem if the pesticide reduces field densities of leafminer parasites.

Fortunately, populations are usually prevented from reaching truly damaging levels by a number of parasites that attack leafminers.  Several parasites for this insect have been recorded in Florida, but parasitic wasps such as Opius, Diglyphus are most common.  Wasp larvae develop on or in the leafminer larva or pupa. The host ceases to feed and the parasitoid egg or larva is visible through the leaf epidermis using a hand lens against strong light.  In scouting fields, growers should be careful to note the number of parasitized mines before deciding to apply insecticides.

Due to its feeding habit, this pest is resistant to many insecticides. Cyromazine (Trigard) alternated with abamectin (Agrimek) are effective against leafminer in tomato. Both of these products have limited crop registrations and must not be used on unregistered crops. Spinosad (Spintor) has also given good results and is labeled on a wide range of crops.  Some other materials that may be used to conserve beneficials include azadirachtin and insecticidal oils.  Both products are approved for use by organic growers.

Field sanitation is an important control tactic that is overlooked. When crops are not present in the fields, leafminers can survive on a variety of broad-leaf weeds. These plants serve as reservoirs for the pest.

Aphids

Respondents in the Homestead area have noted a jump in aphid pressure in recent weeks.  Growers are beginning to report mosaic virus in fields where aphids are active.

A few winged aphids have been detected in both east coast and southwest Florida production areas.  No colony formation has been noted and incidence of virus is very low.

Pepper Weevil

Respondents from Homestead, who had been finding a few weevils in traps, have reported finding the first pepper weevil infestations in commercial fields over the past week.

A few adult pepper weevils continue to be detected in pheromone traps around southwest Florida, but to date none have been seen in pepper fields.

Broadmites

Reports from Immokalee indicate that broadmites continue to be a problem in pepper and eggplant but appear to be under control in most locations.  Broadmites are also being detected in basil.

Growers and scouts in Palm Beach and Homestead also report the occurrence of broad mites on eggplant, pepper and basil.

Dr Phil Stansly notes that the symptoms of broad mite in eggplant are not as severe as in pepper, and it is easy to overlook an infestation until it becomes quite generalized.  Growers are advised to be on the lookout for leaf distortion in developing leaves and scout for mites in whorls and on young fruit.  Broad mites are white or cream colored and quite small, requiring a hand lens for positive ID.  Males can often be seen carrying females on their backs.  Eggs are about 1/4 the size of adults, round with a characteristic faceted opalescence.  There are few products labeled for mite control in eggplant, and only one (sulfur), that is selective for mites. Kelthane (dicofol) and Agri-Mek are additional options available on pepper. Paired applications 4 to 5 days apart should be made to assure control of late-hatching nymphs.

Whiteflies

Around southwest Florida, whiteflies remain low but some respondents are noting a few “hot" spots in older planting and along field margins.   Around Immokalee, whiteflies populations have reached high levels in a few squash fields where no nicotinoid was applied at planting.  Silverleaf symptoms have been noted in several of these locations.

Respondents from Palm Beach note an increase in whitefly populations in older tomato fields where growers are reported to be applying a variety of controls including Knack and Courier as the effect of soil applied nicotinoids wear off.

Scouts in Homestead are noting an increase in whitefly numbers in tomato and squash especially in fields located near boniato plantings which can act as a reservoir for this pest.

Growers are advised to monitor whitefly populations and maintain control of in-field populations as soil applied nicotinoids wear off, preferably with IGRs, in order to reduce carryover to the next crop.

Thrips

Growers and scouts around in Palm Beach and in southwest Florida are reporting finding a few Florida flower thrips (Frankliniella bispinosa) in pepper and tomato.

Melon thrips (Thrips palmi) have been detected in Homestead and are beginning to cause problems in some fields.

The melon thrips occurs throughout the tropics, as well as in the subtropical region of Florida.  Although it has been more of a problem in Homestead, than in other south Florida growing areas, its distribution in other parts of the world suggests that the entire "Sun Belt" of the United States may eventually become infested

The melon thrips infests a wide variety of crops. Vegetables such as cucurbits, legumes and solanaceous crops are preferred. Although peppers and eggplants can support massive numbers, populations do not establish on tomatoes.   Melon thrips will infest many species of weeds including composites, legumes and nightshades among others.

Melon thrips tend to utilize more of the host plant than other species that occur primarily in the blooms.   In crops, such as snap beans and the vine crops, feeding on the foliage causes most damage. Foliar feeding often begins inside the tightly rolled leaves at the growing points of the plant. Larvae and adults soon appear on the undersides of the expanding leaves. The combined effect of feeding damage in the growing point and on young leaves can severely stunt and distort sensitive crops, such as peppers.

In peppers and eggplants, Thrips palmi affects both fruit and foliage. The greatest damage occurs when thrips become established in the blooms, and lay eggs around the calyx. Thrips feeding under the calyx of the expanding fruit cause the characteristic scars, which may affect a sizable part of the fruit wall.

Careful planning is required in schedules plantings of sensitive crops. Thrips palmi can move into new parts of a farm when infested fields are destroyed. This can be critical in areas with long growing seasons, where new plantings are adjacent to older fields. The same is true in areas where the foliage of infested crops, such as snapbeans, is removed during mechanical harvesting.

Infestation levels in young crops must be monitored carefully. Awareness of the general level of melon thrips infestation, not only in your fields, but in neighboring farms as well is especially important. Crop scouting can be intensified around the time of critical crop events, allowing early detection and treatment of immigrants from nearby farms.

Information excerpted from the Glades Crop Care Thrips Database website at http://www.gladescropcare.com/tech-thrips.html

Misc. insects

A few stinkbugs have been reported to be causing problems in tomato around Immokalee.

Respondents in Palm Beach are reporting some problems with fire ants in young eggplants.  The ants are said to be building mounds in the beds and feeding on young foliage and girdling plants as well.

Diseases

Choanephora blight

Choanephora blight is being widely reported on snap beans across south Florida production areas.   Incidence and occurrence is high with infection rates in some fields approaching 100 percent.  Severity ranges from moderate to severe in infected fields.  When initially reported a few weeks ago the disease seemed to be confined to the foliage.  Over the past week, field visits and reports from respondents from across south Florida indicate that the disease has moved onto flowers and pods and will certainly have an impact on yield.

Choanephora blight or wet rot is is common throughout the tropics on many plants including Southern peas, eggplant, yellow squash, and poinsettia; however, its occurrence on bean plants in Florida is not common.  Dr Ken Pernezny, who indicates that this is the first time that he has seen the disease on green beans in Florida in his 26-year experience.

Outbreaks of Choanephora blight are associated with extended rainy periods and high temperatures. Young lesions on bean leaves appear grayish and limp or wilted as if scalded with hot water.  As symptoms progress the lesions appear water-soaked and margins and leaf tips blighted. Dark-gray fungal growth is apparent on some lesions. Under magnification, a silvery, spine-like fungus with a dark head is seen.

Older lesions are necrotic and often tan in color and dried out.  Symptoms may be confused with Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici) when young or spray burn on bean plants with older symptoms. In pepper infections often begin in spent blooms and progress onto branches causing the tips to dieback.

Photos of the disease on beans and pepper have been posted on the web at the Florida Pest Alert WWW site at http://extlab7.entnem.ufl.edu/PestAlert/.

This disease is caused by the fungus Choanephora cucurbitarum and other species.  Dr Tom Kucharek UF/IFAS Plant Pathologist indicates that isolations from infected beans in Alachua County have associated Choanephora cucurbitarum, another species of Choanephora and possibly a related genera of fungi – Blakeslea sp.

Although it is often classed as a weak parasite since fruit invasion typically follows passively after fungal colonization of spent flower parts (petals and sepals) or behind insect injury, this does not seem to be the case with the present outbreak, which is aggressively attacking fields across a wide area.  Spores of the causal fungus have been shown to over-season in soil and in association with susceptible crop debris. Wind dissemination of spores has been implicated and is thought to be responsible for the primary infection cycle of this fungus on squash.  Secondary spread of this disease in the field has been attributed to various insects as well as wind.  Bees and the striped and spotted cucumber beetles move spores of this fungus from flower to flower in squash.

There are few management techniques available.  Planting crops to the proper spacing to maintain adequate air circulation will help reduce infection. Use of fungicides to control other diseases will aid in control of wet rot.  Growers are reporting little control with standard spray programs of copper and Bravo.  Some growers have switched to products like Botran and Rovral in an attempt to obtain control of the disease.

Some growers have noted that there seems to be some difference in susceptibility between bean cultivars.

Choanephora blight is also being widely reported on pepper and squash across the area.  Symptoms in pepper vary from a wet rot that affects aerial portions of the plant to blighting of flowers, which remain attached to developing fruit with fungal mycelium.

Bacterial Spot

Around southwest Florida, bacterial spot is still spreading in a number of locations.   In general, bacterial spot is much more widespread on tomato than on pepper and plum type tomatoes have higher incidence of infection than do rounds.  Incidence and severity ranges widely from low to moderate.  Some of these older tomato fields have lesions on fruit and first pick will have some rough fruit.

On the east Coast, reports indicate that bacterial leaf spot is widespread in tomato.  Incidence and severity remain low to moderate.

Reports from Homestead indicate high incidence and occurrence of bacterial spot in many tomato plantings.  Severity varies from low to moderate.

In a number of cases, growers indicate that initial bacterial spot infections appear to have come in on transplants.

Phythophthora

Scouts in Palm Beach report widely scattered cases of Phythophthora capsici on pepper.

Around southwest Florida, Phytophthora blight has been reported on pepper in a few widely scattered locations.  Incidence is low and occurrence spotty.

Phytophthora has also been noted on tomato in Homestead.

Tomato spotted wilt virus

Growers and scouts in southwest Florida and In Palm Beach County have reported finding tomato spotted wilt virus in pepper.  In at least one case, the UF/IFAS Plant Disease Clinic, in Immokalee, has positively diagnosed the disease.   In most cases, incidence is low and only isolated plants are affected.

Early symptoms of spotted wilt on tomato are difficult to diagnose. Young, infected plants show an inward cupping of leaves, and the foliage may appear off?color or have a slight bronze cast. Small dark colored lesions appear on the middle or lower leaves or on other green parts of the plant.  As the disease progresses, the leaves turn brown and droop downward, giving the plant a wilted appearance.  This is often accompanied by dieback of tips of terminal branches and a distinctive purplish streaking of stems and petioles. One half of the plant may be more affected than the other half. The entire plant is usually dwarfed.

Tomato spotted wilt has become one of the most severe disease problems facing tomato growers in north Florida.   It is a destructive disease causing yield losses that typically range from 20 to 40% and may reach 100%.

The virus is transmitted from plant to plant primarily by several species of thrips, including the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), and the onion thrips, (Thrips tabaci).

Infection seems linked to transplants coming from transplant houses in Georgia where the disease in endemic and affects a variety of crops.  To date, no secondary spread has been noted in south Florida – due to the absence of an effective insect vector.

Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus

Growers and scouts on both coasts report finding a very low percentage of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl infected tomatoes.  In most instances infected plants are few and far although several reports are beginning to note the occurrence of secondary spread from initial infections.  The highest incidence of infection remains below 1 %.

Southern Blight

A few more reports of southern blight are coming in from scattered areas around southwest Florida as well as Palm Beach County. Tomato plants with southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii) display lesions on the stem at or near the soil line. These lesions develop rapidly during warm wet weather, girdling the stem and resulting in a sudden and permanent wilting of the plant. White mats of mycelia are produced on the stem and in the adjacent soil.  In a few days, tiny tan to brown spherical sclerotia about 0.06 inches in diameter appears on the mycelial mat. The presence of abundant sclerotia is a good diagnostic feature.

Pythium

Respondents around southwest Florida, continue to report seeing a few cases of damping off due to pythium on a variety of crops including peppers, cucurbits and tomato.

At least one case of cottony leak caused by pythium has been diagnosed on cucumber fruit.

Respondents from Homestead reports scattered problems with aerial pythium on beans.

Rhizoctonia

Damping off due to Rhizoctonia has been diagnosed in beans in southwest Florida and Homestead and has caused significant stand reduction in some instances.

Downy Mildew

Scattered occurrence of downy mildew has been reported on cucurbits including squash and cantaloupe from widely scattered locations across southwest Florida.

Downy mildew has also been reported on radishes around Clewsiton.

Powdery Mildew

Respondents in Palm Beach and southwest Florida report limited occurrence of powdery mildew on squash and cantaloupe.

Gummy Stem Blight

Gummy stem blight is present at low levels on fall watermelons around Immokalee.

Target spot

Growers and scouts on both coasts have noted some increase in the occurrence of target spot in older tomato.   Incidence and severity is low in all cases.

Target spot has also been noted on cucumber in Palm Beach County.

Up Coming Meetings

Homestead

November 6, 2002.         Dow AgroSciences Product Update      12::00 noon

                                        Ag Center
                                        18710 SW 288th Street
                                         Homestead

                                        RSVP to Linda Lindenberg at 321-508-0817 by Nov. 5.

November 20, 2002       Core/General Standards Class

                                       Ag Center
                                       18710 SW 288th Street
                                       Homestead

                                       Call Lize at 305-248-3311 x 242 to register

Palm Beach County

November 13, 2002       General Standards/Core Test Review      8 AM - 10 AM
                                       Agricultural Row Crop Test Review s 1 PM - 3 PM      Testing - Any Category   8 AM - 4 PM

                                        Belle Glade Extension Office
                                        2976 State Road 15
                                        Belle Glade

                                       Call 561- 996-1655 for more information.

Southwest Florida

November 6, 2002        GAP’s Workshop        7:30 AM – 1:30 PM

                                       UF/IFAS Southwest Florida Research and Education Center
                                       Hwy, 29
                                       Immokalee

                                      Contact 863-674-4092 for details.  Program cost is $25.

November 6, 2002        Vegetable Growers Meeting  6:00 - 8:00 PM
                                        The  BMP Era- Water and Nutrient Management for Vegetable Producers

                                        UF/IFAS Southwest Florida Research and Education Center
                                         Hwy, 29
                                        Immokalee

                                        Contact 863-674-4092 for details.

December 8-12, 2002   Cucurbitaceae 2002

                                       Naples Beach and Golf Club
                                       Naples, Florida

                                        Contact Don Maynard at 941-751-7636 ext 239 or dnma@mail.ifas.ufl.edu.

March 10 –13, 2003       Florida Post-Harvest Horticulture Industry Tour

                                        Contact Steve Sargent at 352-392-1928

April 29-30, 2003           FACTs - Florida Agricultural Conference and Trade Show
                                        Lakeland Center, Lakeland, Florida

OPPORTUNITY – Exhibitors wanted for the National Association of County Agricultural Agents Annual Meeting to be held in Orlando in July 2004.  This is a great opportunity to present your products to the more than 2500 County Extension Agents from all over the United States that are expected to attend this meeting.

To reserve a place contact Ed Jennings at 352-793-6376.

Call for Proposals

If you have a good idea to implement or improve agricultural practices that are profitable, environmentally sound and good for rural communities, here is some money to help you get started. The Southern Region SARE Program is calling for proposals in two areas: Producer Grants and On-Farm Research Grants. Proposals are invited that address: soil health, beneficial insect habitat, alternative crops/livestock, organic agriculture, marketing, grazing systems, improving the sustainability of existing farming practices, appropriate technology, and agroforestry.

The Producer Grants are offered only to farmers and/or ranchers or producer organizations in amounts up to $10,000 for individuals and $15,000 for producer organizations. Producer Grants are competitively awarded must be conducted by producers or producer organizations, and the projects must promote sustainable agriculture.

The On-Farm Research Grants are available to Extension, NRCS and NGO personnel who work with farmers.  Applicants must work with at least three cooperating farmers or ranchers and can apply for up to $15,000.  On-Farm Research Grants are competitively awarded and the projects must promote sustainable agriculture.

Proposals for both programs are due by January 24, 2003.

For more information, visit http://www.griffin.peachnet.edu/sare, e-mail ppatton@griffin.peachnet.edu or call 770-412-4787.

Quotable Quotes

Politics is supposed to be the second oldest profession. I have come to realize that it bears a very close resemblance to the first. -- Ronald Reagan

There is no excellent beauty that hath not some strangeness in the proportion. -- Sir Francis Bacon

A country can be judged by the quality of its proverbs. – German Proverb

My Karma ran over your dogma. -- Unknown

The problem with any unwritten law is that you don't know where to go to erase it. -- Glaser and Way

Some men are born mediocre, some men achieve mediocrity, and some men have mediocrity thrust upon them. -- Joseph Heller

Websites

The Department of Labor website provides clear and easy-to-access information on how to comply with federal employment laws.  Compliance assistance features “elaws Advisors” which are interactive tools that provide information about Federal employment laws.  Go to http://www.dol.gov/

The Old Farmer's Almanac has been providing homespun wisdom and advice to readers since 1792.  Now on the web at http://www.almanac.com/index.php the Farmers Almanac continues to the same trusted wisdom and advice sought by almanac afficianados.

Penn State Vegetable Disease Identification – this site features colored pictures and descriptions of the most common vegetable diseases are available in the Penn State publication titled "Identifying Diseases of Vegetables authored by Alan MacNab, Arden Sherf, and Jack Springer.  Set your browser to http://vegdis.cas.psu.edu/VegDiseases/identification.html

On the Lighter Side

Do you Drink, Gamble or Play Golf?

A bum, who obviously has seen more than his share of hard times, approaches a well-dressed gentleman on the street.

"Hey, Buddy, can you spare two dollars?"

The well-dressed gentleman responds,  "You are not going to spend it on liquor are you?"

"No, sir, I don't drink," retorts the bum.

"You are not going to throw it away gambling, are you?" asks the gentleman.

"No way, I don't gamble," answers the bum.

"You wouldn't waste the money at a golf course for greens fees, would you?" asks the man.

"Never," says the bum, "I don't play golf."

The man asks the bum if he would like to come home with him for a home cooked meal. The bum accepts
eagerly. While they are heading for the man's house, the bum's curiosity gets the better of him. Isn't your wife going to be angry when she sees a guy like me at your table?"

"Probably," says the man, "but it will be worth it.  I want her to see what happens to a guy who doesn't drink,
gamble or play golf. "

 Hillbilly Medical Terms

     Benign................What you be after you be eight.
     Barium................What you do with dead folks.
     Catscan...............Searching for the cat.
     Cauterize........…Made eye contact with her.
     Colic.............…..A sheep dog.
     Coma..............….A punctuation mark.
     D&C..............….Where Washington is.
     Enema.........……Not a friend.
     Fester..........……Quicker than someone else.
     Hangnail.........….What you hang your coat on.
     Impotent.........….Distinguished, well known.
     Labor Pain.......….Getting hurt at work.
     Morbid............….A higher offer than I bid.
     Nitrates..........…..Cheaper than day rates.
     Node...............…..I knew it.
     Outpatient.......….A person who has fainted.
     Pap Smear.......….A fatherhood test.
     Pelvis.............…. Second cousin to Elvis.
     Terminal Illness…Getting sick at the train station.
     Tumor.............…..More than one.
     Urine.............……Opposite of mine.
     Varicose..........…..Near by
 

Contributors include: Joel Allingham/AgriCare, Inc, Karen Armbrester/SWFREC, Kathy Carbiener /Agricultural Pest Management, Jim Connor/SWFREC, Bruce Corbitt/West Coast Tomato Growers, Fred Heald/Farmers Supply, Sarah Hornsby/AgCropCon, Cecil Howell/H&R Farm, Loren Horsman/Glades Crop Care, Bruce Johnson/General Crop Management, Dr Mary Lamberts/Miami-Dade County Extension, Leon Lucas/Glades Crop Care, Gene McAvoy/Hendry County Extension, Alice McGhee/Thomas Produce, Jimmy Morales/Pro Source One, Tim Nychk/Nychk Bros. Farm, Chuck Obern/C+B Farm, Teresa Olczyk/ Miami-Dade County Extension, Dr Ken Pernezny/EREC, Dr. Pam Roberts/SWFREC, Dr Nancy Roe/Farming Systems Research, Wes Roan/6 L's, Kevin Seitzinger/Gargiulo, Jay Shivler/ F& F Farm, Ken Shuler/Stephen’s Produce, Ed Skvarch/St Lucie County Extension, John Stanford/LNA Farm, Mike Stanford/MED Farms, Dr. Phil Stansly/SWFREC, Eugene Tolar/Red Star Farms, Dr Charlie Vavrina/SWFREC, Mark Verbeck and Donna Verbeck/GulfCoast Ag.

The SW Florida Pest and Disease Hotline is compiled by Gene McAvoy and is issued on a biweekly basis by the Hendry County Cooperative Extension Office as a service to the vegetable industry.

Gene McAvoy
Extension Agent II
Vegetable/Ornamental Horticulture             863-674-4092 phone
Hendry County Extension Office                863-860-8811 mobile  Nextel agnet 28950
PO Box 68                                                863-674-4097 fax
LaBelle, FL 33975                                 GMcAvoy@mail.ifas.ufl.edu
 
 

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